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How much passive income could I earn from dividends by investing £5,000 a year in the UK stock market?

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Image source: Getty Images

Investing in dividend stocks remains a popular way to earn passive income in the UK, particularly due to the high yields commonly found on the FTSE 100 and FTSE 250. Consistent monthly contributions to a portfolio of these dividend stocks can lead to exponential growth through compounding returns.

For example, putting £5,000 per year into the stock market could snowball over time to become a dividend-paying powerhouse. Especially if investors adopt a dividend reinvestment plan (DRIP); that is, putting dividends back into the pot to maximise growth. 

After 10 years, it won’t just add up to £50,000 in savings — it could be much more!

In this article, we will explore potential passive income outcomes and strategies for maximising returns to achieve financial freedom through long-term investing.

Dividends explained

Dividend-paying companies distribute a portion of their profits back to shareholders each year. Some of the most common UK dividend stocks include companies like British American Tobacco, Unilever, and Legal & General (LSE: LGEN).

Their popularity stems not just from high yields but consistent and reliable payments. The yield defines the percentage of overall profits that are returned to shareholders. In some ways, it’s similar to the interest one might earn on cash in a savings account. However, it can change daily because it is not fixed but rather inversely correlated to the share price.

Moreover, companies can increase or decrease dividends regularly. Consequently, when calculating potential dividend income, we estimate using the average yield of a portfolio.

For example:

  • Conservative yield (3%): £5,000 × 3% = £150 annually
  • Moderate yield (5%): £5,000 × 5% = £250 annually
  • High yield (7%): £5,000 × 7% = £350 annually

Initially, the returns look small. But with consistent reinvestment each year, the compound growth can add up significantly.

Consider the high-yield example. Over 10 years, the total amount in the portfolio would grow to £81,550 with dividends reinvested (assuming the 7% average yield held). That’s not even accounting for any potential share price growth – even slow growth of 3% per year would add an extra £10,000 on top of that.

Achieving a stable average yield

To achieve an average yield of 7%, an investor must choose several stocks with yields between 5% and 9%. Diversifying is helpful as lower-yield stocks can be more stable. It might appear logical to only pick high-yield stocks but it is risky.

Consider Legal & General, a long-favoured British dividend payer. The 189-year-old insurance stalwart has been increasing dividends consistently for decades, often by as much as 20% per year. Its yield typically stays within a range between 6% and 10%.

But it’s far from perfect (is anything?) and lately has been underperforming. The company’s net margin for 2023 fell to 1.69% as earnings missed expectations by 34%. Despite a solid track record, there’s always a risk this could lead to a dividend cut, particularly as the current payout ratio of 360% is unsustainable.

But things are looking up! 

Shares have clambered up 6.5% in the past six months, igniting hope that this year’s final results will be better. If so, there’s more chance it could achieve the average 12-month price target of 8.5% that analysts expect. Even if the price is slow to recover, its long-term prospects make it a stock worth considering.



This story originally appeared on Motley Fool

Is it game over for the Greggs share price?

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Image source: Getty Images

We’ve had our fun with the Greggs (LSE: GRG) share price. Is it time to grow up and move on?

Greggs defied sceptics to become a national treasure, establishing itself as a fixture on every high street. It’s now popping up at railway stations and airports too, as the FTSE 250 group’s ambitious board looks to increase store numbers from 2,500 to 3,500.

The high street bakery chain has come a long way from its humble beginnings in 1951. The Greggs share price has come a long way too.

Investors took notice and sank their teeth into it. There’s a huge appetite for Greggs on the Fool website. It attracts more readers than articles on much bigger companies. That made me a little suspicious. Were investors getting carried away? Were they distracted by its brand rather than examining its investment prospects?

Can this FTSE 250 treasure still shine?

Greggs shares continued their upwards trajectory despite my doubts, but then I had a second worry. They were starting to look expensive. Trading at more 22 times earnings last year, I feared they were overvalued.

The first blow landed on 1 October. Q3 total sales rose 10.6% but that marked a drop from 13.8% in the first half.

This trend continued in the group’s latest trading update, published on 9 January. While full-year 2024 total sales jumped 11.3%, through £2bn for the first time, Q4 like-for-like sales growth slipped to a wafer-thin 2.5%. Greggs said this reflected “more subdued high street footfall”.

The board’s still pushing on, opening a record 226 new shops, while closing underperformers with an impressive lack of sentimentality. The net addition was 145 shops.

Greggs is now bracing for a double blow in April, when Budget hikes to employer’s National Insurance and the Minimum Wage will drive up workforce costs. Plenty of other retailers will share its pain. Greggs may be better placed to absorb it. The margin squeeze is priced in now. It’s a known risk.

However, as its recent update showed, consumers are feeling the pinch. They may even have to cut back on affordable treats like a trip to Greggs. With the Bank of England forecasting consumer price inflation will rebound to 3.7% in the summer, the cost-of-living crisis isn’t over yet.

Lower valuation, higher yield

Given these concerns, it’s reasonable to question whether the enthusiasm surrounding Greggs’ stock was overblown

The shares have declined by 20% over the past 12 months. However, they now appear more attractively valued, trading at about 17 times earnings and offering a trailing dividend yield of 2.9%. This improved valuation may entice bargain hunters.

Greggs is showing resilience, innovation and adaptability by expanding its menu and trying out new snacks to compete with fast-food chains. 

While Greggs faces significant challenges, its current valuation and bullish initiatives may present an opportunity. I understand why investors might consider buying them but personally, I won’t. For me, the fun’s gone.



This story originally appeared on Motley Fool

NFL wild-card playoff schedule: Chargers play first, Rams last

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The New York Giants and Jets have been in the playoffs in the same season only five times.

The Los Angeles Rams and Chargers could surpass that. They have achieved the feat for the second time in seven years.

The Chargers will open wild-card weekend, and the Rams will close it, the NFL announced Sunday night.

By virtue of clinching the fifth seed in the AFC, the Chargers will play at Houston in the early game Saturday at 1:30 p.m. PST, a familiar time slot for the Texans.

The Rams, winners of the NFC West, will play host to the Minnesota Vikings two days later on “Monday Night Football.” It’s a rematch of a game the Rams won earlier this season, and is an L.A. homecoming for Vikings quarterback Sam Darnold, a onetime USC standout.

The Vikings lost to the Detroit Lions on Sunday night in a high-stakes NFC North showdown, with the winner claiming the NFC’s No. 1 seed and loser hitting the road despite a gaudy 14-3 record.

The rest of the playoff schedule, times Pacific, is as follows:

Pittsburgh at Baltimore at 5 p.m. Saturday.

Denver at Buffalo at 10 a.m. Sunday, followed by Green Bay at Philadelphia at 1:30 p.m. and Washington at Tampa Bay at 5 p.m.

This postseason features two rising-star rookie quarterbacks, at least two Week 1 rematches and one big phew.

That sigh of relief comes from the Chargers, who won at Las Vegas to claim the No. 5 seed in the AFC and earn a trip to Houston in the first round of the playoffs instead of going to Baltimore.

The Ravens are as hot as their weather is cold. The Texans, meanwhile, are up and down, having lost two of three and lacking star receivers and solid offensive line play.

The Chargers stand a far better chance of winning at Houston — which would be the first playoff victory for quarterback Justin Herbert — than rolling into Baltimore and winning another coaching matchup of Harbaugh brothers.

The Packers and Eagles opened the season in Brazil — the first time the NFL has played in South America — with a Friday game won by Philadelphia, 34-29. In his debut with the Eagles, Saquon Barkley scored three touchdowns.

Eagles quarterback Jalen Hurts and Packers quarterback Jordan Love (10) talk after Philadelphia won their season opener. They will have a rematch in the NFC wild-card round Sunday.

(Chris Szagola / Associated Press)

As with that opener, this wild-card game pits quarterbacks Jordan Love of the Packers and Jalen Hurts of the Eagles. Both are banged up. Love took a blow to his right elbow Sunday that caused his throwing hand to go numb. Hurts still needs to clear concussion protocol.

Washington-Tampa Bay — a matchup the Buccaneers won 37-20 in a season opener — features star rookie quarterback Jayden Daniels of the Commanders and up-from-the-ashes Buccaneers quarterback Baker Mayfield, two years removed from being released by the lowly Carolina Panthers. Mayfield, whose path back included a stint with the Rams, has had an outstanding season.

The other sizzling rookie in the postseason is Denver’s Bo Nix, who led the Broncos to a 38-0 stomping of Kansas City’s backups Sunday.

Rookie quarterback Bo Nix celebrates a blowout win over the Chiefs

Rookie quarterback Bo Nix celebrates a blowout win over the Chiefs that advanced the Broncos to the playoffs.

(David Zalubowski / Associated Press)

That result extinguished the playoff hopes of the dark horse Cincinnati Bengals, who needed to couple their Saturday night win with losses by the Broncos and Miami Dolphins on Sunday.

Denver left no room for doubt, thrilling the home crowd with a decisive victory that sends the franchise back to the postseason for the first time since the Peyton Manning days nine years ago.

Denver has no simple task. The Broncos play at second-seed Buffalo, with top seed Kansas City earning the first-round bye.

In the other AFC matchup, it’s Pittsburgh facing the division-rival Ravens in Baltimore. The teams split during the regular season, but Baltimore has all the momentum. The Steelers have lost four in a row, including a home defeat to the Bengals on Saturday night that would have earned Pittsburgh a more preferable postseason start in Houston.



This story originally appeared on LA Times

Adam Silver: Hornets haven’t formally protested rescinded Lakers trade

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Golden State Warriors forward Draymond Green gestures during a game against the Orlando Magic on Feb. 3.

(Jeff Chiu / Associated Press)

Draymond Green had just spoken for a few minutes Saturday morning about the state of the game, about how he believes it’s officiated differently than it once was, how stars don’t get the benefit of being stars like they did in the past.

And then the four-time champion with the Golden State Warriors was asked a simple question: Does he think the NBA game is boring?

“Absolutely,” he said.

Such is the challenge that the NBA is trying to fend off right now, the notion that this era of higher-scoring games, more three-pointers than ever before and a lack of rock-’em, sock-’em physicality like there was a couple generations ago is hurting the product.

On the one hand, the NBA is about to enter a new series of broadcast and streaming deals that will generate at least $76 billion, about three times more than the last deal — so interest obviously exists. Player salaries are bigger than ever, the league keeps setting attendance records and merchandise keeps flying off shelves.

Yet the NBA keeps hearing the question about the on-court product. Green is among those that think issues exist. He cited an interview he recently saw where the late Kobe Bryant, who died in 2020, called the game “accidental basketball.”

“It’s all penetrate and pitch,” Bryant said in that interview. “You may make the shot, you may not.”

Said Green: “He couldn’t have been more right.”

Green talked about a recent Golden State game against LeBron James and the Lakers, and how it was “refreshing” to go against a thinker like James — who is notorious for finding weaknesses and exploiting them.

“Every possession is some type of chess move,” Green said. “You don’t get that today in the NBA, often. … You don’t just get that on a regular basis. It’s just who can run faster, who can hit more 3s, it’s no substance. I think it’s very boring.”

Associated Press contributed to this report



This story originally appeared on LA Times

Victor Davis Hanson Gives Funny Explanation for Why EU Leaders Reacted Badly to JD Vance’s Speech (VIDEO) | The Gateway Pundit

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Vice President JD Vance gave an amazing speech in Germany on Friday, calling upon leaders to join America in the quest for greater freedoms and ending unfettered illegal immigration.

Some of the European elites in the audience did not appreciate Vance’s finer points.

During an appearance on FOX News on Friday night, conservative scholar Victor Davis Hanson explained why these EU leaders didn’t get it and his analysis was pretty funny.

Partial transcript via the Western Lensman on Twitter/X:

“They’re the international version of the Democrats.”

“Vance was saying we’re the West. This is the same culture…join us.”

“We went through this dark age with Biden. It doesn’t work. Open borders don’t work. Illegal immigration doesn’t work. Censorship doesn’t work. Deindustrialization doesn’t work. Green power doesn’t work.”

“So they don’t want to hear that. They would rather be ideologically pure and poor than be affluent and apostates.”

Here’s the video:

Hanson made similar comments on Newsmax. Via the Daily Caller:

“Donald Trump and the MAGA movement is basically not only saving the United States, it’s saving the West. It’s a model for them, and they can’t handle that. So they can’t stand JD Vance. What he says to them, they know it’s true, and they say, ‘Oh my God, I don’t want to hear it,’” Hanson said. “They’re our collective Maxine Waters, you know what I mean?”

The EU, Hanson said, should follow Trump’s lead by embracing bipartisanship and implementing policies that they see benefiting the U.S.

“If they were wise, make constructive criticism, join Trump and try to be bipartisan, and they know they should do what we’re doing. They know they should close the borders, open up free speech. Their GDP is anemic, deregulate, cut taxes, but they can’t do it,” Hanson said. “And it’s like for them the malady, or I should say the drug or the cure, is worse than the disease, so they’re paralyzed.”

Hanson is absolutely correct, as usual. If leaders in Europe had any common sense, they would listen.




This story originally appeared on TheGateWayPundit

Jockey Michael O’Sullivan dies aged 24 after fall in race | UK News

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Irish jockey Michael O’Sullivan has died aged 24 as a result of injuries suffered during a fall in a race last week. 

He died on Sunday morning, the Irish Horseracing Regulatory Board (IHRB) confirmed in a statement on behalf of his family.

Dr Jennifer Pugh, chief medical officer of the IHRB, added: “Michael’s family took the decision to donate his organs at this incredibly difficult time, but in doing so made a choice that will make a real difference to the lives of other patients and their families.”

She said: “Michael’s success and his humility will have inspired many and I share the feeling of loss today with all those who knew him.”

This breaking news story is being updated and more details will be published shortly.

Please refresh the page for the fullest version.

You can receive breaking news alerts on a smartphone or tablet via the Sky News app. You can also follow us on WhatsApp and subscribe to our YouTube channel to keep up with the latest news.



This story originally appeared on Skynews

Fans in Montreal loudly boo U.S. anthem prior to Americans’ 4 Nations game vs. Canada : NPR

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Players and fans stand for the U.S. national anthem prior to the first period of 4 Nations Face-Off hockey game between Canada and the United States in Montreal on Saturday, Feb. 15, 2025.

Christinne Muschi/The Canadian Press via AP


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Christinne Muschi/The Canadian Press via AP

MONTREAL — Fans in Montreal loudly booed the U.S. national anthem prior to the 4 Nations Face-Off game between the Americans and Canada on Saturday night.

It’s the second time “The Star-Spangled Banner” drew that reaction in two games the United States has played at the NHL-run international tournament.

And it came after public address announcer Michel Lacroix asked the crowd, in French and English, “In the spirit of this great game that unites everyone that you kindly respect the anthems and the players that represent each country.”

This time, far more of the fans at Bell Centre booed than Thursday night before the U.S. beat Finland. The booing began when warrant officer David Grenon of the Royal Canadian Air Force Band started singing and lasted the entire length of the song.

“We knew it was going to happen,” U.S. defenseman Zach Werenski said after beating Canada 3-1 and quieting the crowd of over 21,000. “It happened the last game, it’s been happening in the NHL before this and we knew tonight was going to be the same way. We obviously don’t like it.”

U.S. players have been trying to tune it out. After beating Finland 6-1 on Thursday, goaltender Connor Hellebuyck said he “paid no attention to” the booing.

“You have free speech,” Hellebuyck said. “You can do whatever you want. If you’re going to boo the anthem, we sing it for the troops that protected our freedom. That doesn’t really mean anything to me. You can do whatever you want. But I don’t use it at all.”

Werenski said it provided some fuel with the U.S. serving in the villain role in Canada.

“It is what it is,” Werenski said. “We kind of had an idea. We used it as motivation the best we could and found a way to get a win. But we had an idea going into it, so it wasn’t a surprise. Definitely don’t like it, though.”

U.S. forward Matthew Tkachuk, who fought Canada’s Brandon Hagel off the opening faceoff, setting off a series of three bouts in nine seconds, said it had nothing to do with the anthem booing. If anything, players felt it added to the fun of the night.

“It’s just unbelievable, the atmosphere, to play on this stage in Canada, that was pretty cool for all of us I think,” said winger Jake Guentzel, who scored twice, including the empty-netter that sealed it. “There’s a lot of excitement from our team coming out for warmups and just seeing how packed it was. That was pretty special.”

Fans across Canada have booed the U.S. anthem at NHL and NBA games since President Donald Trump began making repeated references to the country becoming “the 51st state.” Trump also threatened tariffs against the country, prompting backlash from a close neighbor and longtime ally.

Asked Friday at practice about fans booing the U.S. anthem, veteran Canada defenseman Drew Doughty voiced opposition to it.

“Obviously, I know what’s going on, and I understand the Canadians’ frustration, but I think we should respect the anthems and stuff like that,” Doughty said. “I don’t think anyone should be booing.”



This story originally appeared on NPR

Two earthquakes near Malibu, one in Inland Empire rattle L.A. region

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Two small earthquakes rattled the Malibu area Friday and Saturday, followed by another one in the Inland Empire.

The first Malibu quake was reported around 11:44 p.m. Friday and was registered as a magnitude 3.7, with an epicenter about 6.8 miles northwest of Malibu, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. It was felt across the Westside, San Fernando Valley and Ventura County as well as in the Los Angeles Basin and South Bay.

A second quake, which was measured as a magnitude 3.5, struck in roughly the same area at 6:30 a.m. Saturday. Residents in Ventura County reported feeling a sharp jolt, and the shaking triggered some car alarms.

A third quake, measured at magnitude 3.5, was recorded near the San Jacinto Mountains in Riverside County at 2:16 p.m. Saturday, with an epicenter several miles south of Idyllwild.

There were no reports of damage from any of the quakes.



This story originally appeared on LA Times

UFC Vegas 102 results: Sooo … About last night | Cannonier vs. Robo Cop

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Last night (Sat., Feb. 15, 2025), Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) returned home to UFC Apex in Las Vegas, Nevada for UFC Vegas 102. After a pair of international events, this was a standard Apex affair. A “Fight Night” event headlined by Middleweights and filled with Contenders Series products has become the promotion’s bread and butter, and this event was no different. Still, there was some fun scraps and cool finishes, which is really all we can ask for on a night such as this.

Let’s take a look back over at UFC Vegas 102’s best performances and techniques:

Photo by Jeff Bottari/Zuffa LLC

Cannonier Outlasts Robo Cop

It has to be said again: Jared Cannonier is fighting outrageously well for 40 years of age.

He spent most of the first five minutes weathering the storm. Gregory Rodrigues came out with the intention of destroying “Killa Gorilla” immediately, swinging hard punches in combination, finishing combos with knees and kicks. He floored Cannonier twice and stunned him several more times, but all the while, Cannonier kept his wits about him. He wrestled his way to safety a couple times, buying time and wasting Rodrigues gas tank.

By the second, “Robo Cop” was tired and needed a round to recover. Cannonier wisely established his jab and landed plenty of low kicks, bloodying up Rodrigues and slowing him down further. The Brazilian was ready to scrap again by round three, but the damage was done. His punches were no longer flooring Cannonier, who could now exchange with Rodrigues and land his own heavy shots.

It was a great, competitive round until Cannonier landed a fight-changing elbow in the closing seconds. Rodrigues crumbled, and the round ending only served to delay the inevitable by about 75 seconds. As soon as he was allowed, Cannonier swarmed Rodrigues and forced the finish.

Gritty and powerful, Cannonier still has plenty left to give at 185 pounds.

UFC Fight Night: Kattar v Zalal

Photo by Jeff Bottari/Zuffa LLC

Zalal Dances By Kattar

For 10 minutes, Youssef Zalal was untouchable.

“The Moroccan Devil” really utilized his footwork and feints beautifully to neutralize Kattar’s offense. He established the jab first and prevented his opponent from doing the same, meaning Kattar spent most of the fighting swinging at air or holding back because he knew he was going to miss. Zalal landed a lot of shots in the time, cutting up Kattar’s face and building a major lead.

Credit to Kattar, he tried to storm back in the third. As Zalal slowed just a touch, Kattar extended his combinations and finally began to land punches. It wasn’t too dramatic and it didn’t earn him back the win, but at least Kattar managed to find some success before the final bell.

UFC Fight Night: Shahbazyan v Budka

Photo by Jeff Bottari/Zuffa LLC

Golden Boy Rebounds

Edmen Shahbazyan smoked Dylan Budka in about 90 seconds.

Let’s be clear: that’s exactly what should have happened. Shahbazyan is way too talented to be in the cage with a nearly .500 fighter, and he proved as much. Shahbazyan has seen more than his fair share of career ups and downs, but this was a massive step back in competition.

“Golden Boy” did his job with a heavy counter right hand.

It’s also worth-noting that Shahbazyan looked in better physical shape than usual here, both leaner and more muscular. This win doesn’t prove much, but perhaps things are finally clicking into place for the former bluechip prospect? He’s still young enough to go on a run, so hope is alive even after quite a few bad losses.

Maybe — just maybe — this is the turn of a page, the start of a new and positive streak.

UFC Fight Night: Matthews v Delgado

Photo by Jeff Bottari/Zuffa LLC

A Vicious Debut

Jose Miguel Delgado’s UFC debut didn’t last long, but he made a strong first impression against Connor Matthews. The Contenders Series product entered the fight with a 100% finish rate, and his aggressive and precise striking made it clear how he’s built up that record.

Matthews scored a brief moment of control with his wrestling, but Delgado didn’t have any trouble escaping back to his feet. As soon as he opened up, his offensive abilities quickly became apparent. From either stance, he was immediately lining up big connections, culminating in a heavy 1-2 down the middle that floored Matthews. His killer instinct was on display too, as Delgado jumped his wounded opponent with accurate, powerful ground strikes to secure the finish.

The 26 year old from Arizona is definitely one to watch moving forward.

UFC Fight Night: Bonfim v Williams

Photo by Jeff Bottari/Zuffa LLC

Additional Thoughts

  • Nazim Sadykhov defeats Ismael Bonfim via first-round doctor stoppage: This was a great fight that ended too early. Bonfim started fast, dinging Sadykhov with quick punches and controlling the pace. Sadykhov struck back late in the first with a slick question mark high kick that really hurt Bonfim, possibly breaking his orbital. The Brazilian never fell and made it back to his corner, however, and there was some confusion between rounds about whether or not he could see. Bonfim certainly appeared to want to keep going, but the bout was called off anyway.
  • Gabriel Bonfim defeats Khaos Williams via second-round d’arce choke (highlights): Bonfim really outclassed his opponent here. Williams is known for his aggression and punching power, but neither were particularly useful when he hit a whole lot of air. Bonfim put together every element of his game to control distance and keep Williams back. He stranded him at distance with sharp jabs, heavy calf kicks, and even belly-poking front kicks, ensuring Williams’ big swings never reached him. When Williams got over-aggressive, Bonfim would change levels with a shot and drag him to the floor, where the Brazilian was a vastly superior grappler. The end sequence was a thing of beauty, as Bonfim continually tightened and cranked on the choke to score a buzzer-beater strangle and leave Williams out cold! Winner of four of his last five, the 27 year old could still develop into a serious contender in the years to come.
  • Valter Walker defeats Don’Tale Mayes via first-round heel hook (highlights): I cannot decide whether to laugh or cry. Mayes — SOMEHOW — entered this bout as a ranked Heavyweight, meaning Walter had an opportunity to break into the Top 15 in just his third UFC fight despite splitting his first two bouts. Laughably, Walker was easily able to ground Mayes, drop down on a heel hook, and secure an instant tapout in roughly a minute. I don’t know if Mayes has terrible knees, no idea how to grapple, or both … but he is likely the only fighter in UFC history to get tapped out by the heel hook twice by fighters who are not at all leg lock specialists! Yikes.

For complete UFC Vegas 102 results and play-by-play, click here.



This story originally appeared on MMA Mania

Patients ‘playing Russian Roulette’ with their lives amid NHS ‘scandal’ | UK | News

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A lack of distinction between fully-trained doctors, physician associates (PAs) and anaesthesia associates (AAs) allegedly poses “a real danger” to patients.

The doctors’ union took its regulator to court this week over the “dangers” of a catch-all “medical professionals” term being applied to doctors and their less-qualified colleagues.

Dr Jatinder Hayre, a practicing doctor in the Midlands, writer and medical campaigner, said the rocketing number of PAs is a source of real concern – with patients who think they’re seeing a GP risking meeting “unregulated and unqualified” associates instead.

As the number of doctors in the NHS dwindles – due to “training bottlenecks, people going abroad and choosing other careers entirely” – a PA recruitment drive is on track to create 10,000 roles by the end of the decade, Dr Hayre said. 

The British Medical Association (BMA) is pursuing two cases against the General Medical Council (GMC) for the term “medical professional” to only be applied to doctors and to clarify PA and AA skillsets to the public – namely their lack of formal training.

Emily Chesterton, 30, died in 2022 after seeing a PA she thought was a GP and being misdiagnosed as a result. She was told her ankle pain was only due to a sprain when it was actually a blood clot which spread to her leg and lung, ultimately taking her life.

A separate case is also being brought against the GMC by Anaesthetists United alongside Ms Chesterton’s parents, seeking to define clear boundaries on the practices PAs are allowed to carry out. A Crowdfunder has been set up for the legal action, which is expected to be heard at the High Court in May.

The NHS ordered hospitals around England to stop substituting PAs for doctors on shifts after The Telegraph published data showing that the phenomenon was happening at over 30 hospitals around the country.

Rotas from the hospitals in question showed PAs and AAs picking up doctor shifts when their colleagues were off sick – despite having up to four years less training than their senior counterparts, and being required to always work under supervision.

“We can’t blame patients for not knowing who they’re seeing,” Mr Hayre told Express.co.uk. “Of course they’re going to assume that their appointment is with someone who is fully qualified – that’s not a radical concept. 

“I think the problem is greater than that and the focus on recruiting more and more PAs, essentially people who aren’t fully qualified, is a scandal. 

“I think the current court case is long overdue, and the practical implications will be limited,” he added.

“But hopefully it will represent a symbolic win and a path forward. It will force people to acknowledge that PAs aren’t, and cannot be, doctor substitutes.”

Mr Hayre also suggested there “could be many more Emily Chesterton’s out there”, warning that patients may be “playing Russian Roulette with their lives by placing it in the hands of a PA”.

Jenni Richards, the BMA’s lawyer, told the court that the GMC’s lack of clear distinction between the different roles “pose[s] significant concerns for public understanding of, and confidence in, the medical profession” as well as “[giving] rise to real patient safety concerns”.

The findings of the Government’s review into PAs, led by Professor Gillian Leng, is expected to be published in the spring, with insights into the role played by the health workers in comparison to junior and senior doctors. 

An NHS spokesperson said: “While we have always been clear that physician associates are not replacements for doctors, there are clear and ongoing concerns which we are listening to carefully and taking action to address – the Leng Review will gather insight from across the NHS, so that we have the evidence we need to tackle this issue head on and find a way forward that is the right one for patients and our staff.”

A spokesperson for the GMC said: “We have made it very clear [that] we will recognise and regulate doctors, PAs and AAs as three distinct professions.

“We have been consistent in saying that PAs and AAs must clearly communicate who they are, and their role in the team. We also expected them to always work under supervision and to practise within their competence.

“The registers on our website are clearly marked, so as to distinguish between the three professions we regulate. A prefix is used for PA and AA reference numbers, which provides a clear distinction between those two professions and doctors. In addition, each profession type is prominently labelled on our public-facing registers, and in search functions. This means that when patients search our registers it will be very clear whether an individual is a doctor, a PA or an AA.

“In preparedness for regulating PAs and AAs, we extensively and formally consulted with the BMA. From as early as 2021 we made the BMA and others aware of our intention to apply our core professional standards to doctors, PAs and AAs, and received no objections from them at all.

“The term ‘medical professionals’ is not a protected title, and it is an appropriate way to describe all the professional groups we now regulate.”

A written judgement for the High Court hearing, which took place on February 12 and 13, is expected at a later date.



This story originally appeared on Express.co.uk